Librarians and Human Rights: A Seminar
University
of South Florida, School of Information
2016
Taught by
Kathleen de la Peña McCook.
Research
support by Shawn A.P. Ohtani
|
Each
December 10 as the world celebrates Human Rights Day, the anniversary of the adoption of
the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights in 1948,
the world community builds solidarity and a unified vision.
Human
rights, the assumption that all human beings deserve certain rights and dignity
by virtue of their human existence, are most eloquently defined in the preamble
of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
“Whereas
recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of
all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace
in the world. [United Nations. (1948) Universal Declaration of Human Rights.]
The
aim of the Seminar, Librarians and Human
Rights, is to present a historical and cultural analysis of the role of
librarians vis-à-vis human rights as defined by the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The course highlights the stated goals of the profession
and the work librarians must do to achieve a more equitable society in the
United States and a compassionate nation among others.
Abilock,
D. (May/June 2006). "So Close and So Small: Six Promising Approaches to
Civic Education, Equity, and Social Justice." Knowledge Quest v. 34 no. 5: p. 9-16.
American
Library Association Policy Manual: “Article 19 of the United
Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights." (Section 58.4.)
Anaeme,
F. O. (2012). Reducing Gender Discrimination and Violence against Women through
Library and Information Services. Library Philosophy & Practice, 50-55.
Battista,
A., Ellenwood, D., Gregory, L., Higgins, S., Lilburn, J., Harker, Y. S., &
Sweet, C. (2015). Seeking Social Justice In The ACRL Framework. Communications In Information Literacy,
9(2), 111-125.
Bell,
C. J. (2006). "Libraries and Human Rights Education." Catholic Library World v. 77 no. 2: p.
130-138.
Berman,
S. (2006). Classism in the Stacks:
Libraries and Poverty.
2005 Jean E. Coleman Library Outreach Lecture;
American Library Association.
Birdsall,
W.F. (Winter 2006-2007). "A Progressive Librarianship for the 21st
Century." Progressive Librarian v.
28: p. 49-63
Britz,
J., Hoffmann, A., Ponelis, S., Zimmer, M., & Lor, P. (2013). On considering
the application of Amartya Sen's capability approach to an information-based
rights framework. Information Development,
29(2), 106-113.
Britz,
J. J. (May 2008) “Making the global information society good: A social justice
perspective on the ethical dimensions of the global information society.” Journal of the American Society for
Information Science and Technology v.59 no. 7, p.1171-1183.
Budd,
J.M. (Summer 2006). "Discourse Analysis and the Study of Communication in
LIS." Library Trends v. 55: p.
65-82
Buschman,
J. (2012). Information Rights, Human Rights, And Political Rights: A Précis On
Intellectual And Contextual Issues For Library And Information Science. Progressive Librarian, 17-24.
Buschman,
J. (2003). Dismantling the Public Sphere:
Situating and Sustaining Librarianship in the Age of the New Public Philosophy.
Westport, Conn.: Libraries Unlimited.
Buschman,J.(1998).
History and Theory of Information Poverty.” In K. M. Venturella (Ed.), Poor People and Library Services.
Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland Publishers, 16-34.
Buschman,
J., M. Rosenzweig, and E. Harger. (June 1994). "The Clear Imperative for
Involvement: Librarians Must Address Social Issues." American Libraries v. 25: p. 575-576.
Carbo,
T. (2013). Information Science & Technology and Human Rights: ASIS&T's
Participation in the AAAS Science and Human Rights Coalition*. Bulletin Of The American Society For
Information Science & Technology, 40(1), 10-12.
Chaparro-Univazo,
S. (2007). Where Social Justice Meets
Librarianship -Truth Commissions as Information Spaces for Work and Activism in
International Librarianship.
Information for Social Change v. 25,
Summer.
Civallero,
E. (2007). When Memory Turns into
Ashes ... Memoricide During the XX Century. Information for
Social Change v. 25, Summer.
Clement,
E., and Cullingford, A. (2007). A Library for Peace: the
Commonweal Collection.
Information for Social Change v. 25,
Summer.
Collins,
C. (2007). Disseminating Truth to
Power - Human Rights, Information and the Internet as Court of Last/Only Resort. Information
for Social Change v. 25, Summer.
Deschamps,
C. (2009). IFLA, Human Rights, and Social Responsibility. IFLA Journal, 35(1), 5-6.
Edwards, J. B., Robinson, M. S., &
Unger, K. R. (2013). Transforming
libraries, building communities: The community-centered library. Lanham:
Scarecrow Press, 2013.
See introduction (Links to an external site.) to Beyond Article 19: Libraries and Social and Cultural Rights (Links to an external site.) We know about Article 19 as a fundamental support for intellectual freedom, but there is less attention in the library world given to Article 27, about cultural rights. The book explores Article 27 and cultural rights in relation to libraries.
See introduction (Links to an external site.) to Beyond Article 19: Libraries and Social and Cultural Rights (Links to an external site.) We know about Article 19 as a fundamental support for intellectual freedom, but there is less attention in the library world given to Article 27, about cultural rights. The book explores Article 27 and cultural rights in relation to libraries.
Encyclopedia of Human Rights, Forsythe, D. P. (2009).. Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
Five volumes- edited by David
Forsythe, offers comprehensive coverage of all aspects of human rights theory,
practice, law, and history in over 300 entries signed by leading scholars and
human rights experts. The coverage includes major figures, organizations and
institutions, human rights events and crises, and human rights norms. http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195334029.001.0001/acref-9780195334029
An Encyclopedia
of Human Rights in the United States, 2nd ed. (2011). (see review in Reference & User Services Quarterly,
51(2), 195-196.
Forsyth,
E. (2005). "Public Libraries and the Millennium Development Goals." IFLA Journal v. 31 no. 4: p. 315-23.
Forsythe,
D. P. (2009). Encyclopedia of human
rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Gehner,
John 'Libraries, Low-Income People, and Social Exclusion', Public Library
Quarterly (Links to an external site.) 29 (Jan. 2010)1, 39 - 47.
Hauptman,
R. (2002). Ethics and Librarianship.
Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland.
Horton,
M., and P. Freire. (1990). We Make the
Road by Walking: Conversations on Education and Social Change. Philadelphia:
Temple University Press.
Hayden,
Carla D. (2003) “Presidential Initiative: Equity of Access” as quoted in
Osborne, R., (2004). From outreach to
equity: Innovative models of library policy and practice, p.xi Chicago:
American Library Association.
Hayden,
C. D. (2004). The Equity Struggle Must Continue. American Libraries, 35(6), 5.
Hayden,
C. D. (2004). Libraries Matter Because People Believe In Them. American Libraries, 35(1), 5.
HUMANRIGHTS.GOV.
U.S. Dept. of State. HumanRights.gov is the official United States Government
(USG) website for human rights related information. The site’s search function
links users directly with news, reports and explanatory information from the
State Department, USG agencies and other resources, allowing for easy access to
publicly available documents. We provide a one-stop site for researching the
USG’s involvement in human rights. http://www.humanrights.gov/
Human
Rights Video Project. The Human Rights Video Project was a grant
opportunity for public libraries. Supported by a major grant from the John D.
and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and the Ford Foundation, the Human Rights
Video Project awarded sets of 12 videos on human rights topics to 300 public
libraries across the country.
Ishay,
M. R. (2008). The History of Human Rights
From Ancient Times to the Globalization Era With a New Preface. 2nd ed.
Berkeley: University of California Press. Click here for more information.
Jaeger,
P. T. (2015). Disability, human rights, and social justice: The ongoing
struggle for online accessibility and equality. First Monday, 20(9-7), 1. http://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/issue/view/461
Jaeger,
P. T., et al. (2015). The virtuous circle revisited: Injecting diversity,
inclusion, rights, justice, and equity into LIS from education to advocacy. Library Quarterly, 85(2), 150-171.
Jaeger, P. T., Taylor, N.G. ,
& Gorham, U. (2015) Libraries, human rights, and social justice:
Enabling access and promoting inclusion. Lanham, MD: Rowman &
Littlefield.
Jaeger, P.T.
and John Carlo Bertot, J.C.“Responsibility Rolls Down: Public Libraries and the
Social and Policy Obligations of Ensuring Access to E-government and Government
Information,” Public Library Quarterly
30, no. 2 (2011): 91–116.
Jain, V.,
& Saraf, S. (2013). Empowering the poor with right to information and
library services. Library Review,
62(1/2), 47-52.
Jensen,
R. (2004/2005). "The Myth of the Neutral Professional." Progressive Librarian v. 24: p. 28-34.
Jensen,
K. (2015). A Culture of Empathy. School
Library Journal, 61(11), 40-43.
Jimerson,
R. C. (Fall/Winter 2007) "Archives for All: Professional Responsibility
and Social Justice." The American Archivist
v. 70 no. 2: p. 252-81.
Kagan,
A. (2008). "An Alternative View on
IFLA, Human Rights, and the Social Responsibility of International Librarianship." IFLA Journal v. 34 no. 3: p. 230-237. The publication of the first
book on the development of IFLA´s human rights involvement provides an
opportunity to stimulate discussion about that history, with particular
reference to the Free Access to Information and Freedom of Expression (FAIFE)
core activity. Several case studies (South Africa, Turkey, Israel/Palestine,
and Cuba) are evaluated, the work of the IFLA Social Responsibilities
Discussion Group is noted, and suggestions are made for the more democratic and
effective functioning of FAIFE. Keywords: IFLA; FAIFE; human rights; social
responsibility; freedom of expression.
Kahl,
C. M., & Davis-Kahl, S. R. (2010). Human Rights Reference Sources: A
Critical Annotated Bibliography. Behavioral
& Social Sciences Librarian, 29(1), 32-64.
Kirkpatrick,
A. (2007). Truth and Youth: the First
Victims of War - Military Mis-information and the Responsibility of Libraries. Information
for Social Change v. 25, Summer.
Knuth,
R. (2006). Burning Books and Leveling
Libraries: Extremist Violence and Cultural Destruction. Westport, Conn.:
Greenwood.
Kranich,
N. (2001). Libraries and Democracy: The Cornerstones of Liberty. Chicago:
American Library Association.
Krashen,
S. and Shin, F. (2004). "Summer Reading and the Potential Contribution of
the Public Library in Improving Reading for Children in Poverty." Public Library Quarterly v. 23: 99p.
99-109.
Lewis,
A. (2008). Questioning Library
Neutrality: Essays from Progressive Librarian. Duluth: Library Juice Press.
A
Librarian at Every Table-- mailing list a launched 7/8/01.
http://shell.cas.usf.edu/mccook/alaet/ Subscribers as of 1/01/2015 : 776.
Lor,
P. J., & Britz, J. (2012). An ethical perspective on political-economic
issues in the long-term preservation of digital heritage. Journal Of The American Society For Information Science &
Technology, 63(11), 2153-2164.
Lowe,
M. (2007). Civil Resistance and People
Power: a Web Based Bibliography.
Information for Social Change v. 25,
Summer.
Maddison,
Z. V. (2007). Information’s Role in
Emerging Democratic Societies: the Case of Indonesia. Information
for Social Change v. 25, Summer.
Mahoney,
J. (2007). The Challenge of Human Rights:
Their Origin, Development, and Significance. Malden, MA; Oxford : Blackwell
Publishing.
Maret,
S. L. (Winter 2005-2006). "Formats are a Tool
for the Quest for Truth: HURIDOCS Human Rights Materials for Library and Human
Rights Workers."
Progressive Librarian v. 26.
Maret,
S. (2015). Human Rights Studies Online.
Charleston Advisor, 17(1), 34-39.
Massis,
B. E. (2012). Access to library materials:a global fundamental service. New
Library World, 113(3/4), 218-221.
Masters,
S. (2007). Women Living Under Muslim
Laws (WLUML). Information for Social Change v. 25,
Summer.
Mathiesen,
K. (2015), Human rights as a topic and guide for LIS research and
practice. Journal of the Association
for Information Science and Technology, 66: 1305–1322.
Masuku, M. M.,
& Makwanise, N. K. (2012). Archives, Accountability, Human Rights And Good
Governance: Where Is The Nexus?. Mousaion,
30(2), 187-200.
May, L. (2005) Crimes Against Humanity: A Normative
Account. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
McCook, K. de
la Peña. (2015). Community heart, anchor, and safe haven: Public libraries in Information Services Today. Lanham, MD:
Rowman and Littlefield.
McCook, McCook,
K. de la (2014). Librarians as Wikipedians. Progressive
Librarian, (42), 61-81.
McCook, K. de
la Peña (2007). " Librarians as Advocates for the Human Rights of
Immigrants. Progressive Librarian v.
29, Summer: p. 51-54.
McCook, K. de
la Peña & Phenix, K. J. (2007). "PublicLibraries and Human
Rights." Public Library Quarterly v.
25(1/2).
McCook,
K. de la Peña (2005). "Social Justice as a Context for a Career in
Librarianship." In Perspectives,
Insights and Priorities: 17 Leaders Speak Freely of Librarianship. Lanham,
MD: Scarecrow Press.
McCook,
K. de la Peña (2004). "Public Libraries and People in Jail." Reference and User services Quarterly v.
43: p. 26-30.
McCook, K. de
la Peña (2004). "The Librarian and Human Rights: Protecting Discourse
against Repression." Catholic
Library World v. 74: p. 23-28.
McCook,
K. de la Peña & Barber, P. (2002).
"Public Policy as a Factor Influencing Adult Lifelong Learning, Adult
Literacy and Public Libraries." Reference
and User Services Quarterly v. 41: p. 66-75.
McCook,
K. de la Peña (2002). "Rocks in the
Whirlpool: Equity of Access and the American Library Association.” Commissioned for the American Library
Association, “Key Action Area: Equity of Access” Web site.
McCook,
K. de la Peña, Ongley, D., & Roy, A.
(2002). "Cultural Rresponsiveness, Tolerance and the Alaska Library
Community." Pacific Northwest
Library Quarterly v. 66: p. 16-19.
McCook,
K. de la Peña & Meyer, R. (2001). "Public libraries and comprehensive
community initiatives." Public
Libraries v. 40: p. 282-288.
McCook,
K. de la Peña & Brand, K. (2001). "Community Indicators, Genuine
Progress, and the Golden Billion." Reference and User Services Quarterly v. 40: p. 337-340.
McCook,
K. de la Peña (2001). "Social Justice, Personalism, and the Practice of
Llibrarianship." Catholic Library
World v. 72: p. 80-84.
McCook,
K. de la Peña (2001). "Poverty, Democracy and Public Libraries.” In
N. Kranich (Ed.), Libraries &
Democracy: The Cornerstones of Liberty. Chicago: American Library
Association Editions, 28-46.
McCook,
K. de la Peña (2000). " Ethnic
Diversity in Library and Information Science." Library Trends. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/8330
McCook,
K. de la Peña (2000). "Ending the Isolation of Poor People." American Libraries v. 31: p. 45.
McCook,
K. de la Peña and Kate Lippincott. (1998). "Rural Poverty
Programs: Library Services to Farmworkers." In K. M. Venturella
(Ed.), Poor People and Library Services.
Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland Publishers, 154-164.
Mehra,
B. (2009). A Road Map for Integrating Socially Relevant Research Projects into
a Required Library and Information Science Course: From a Service Model to
Community Engagement. Service Learning,
142-52.
Mehra,
Bharat, and Srinivasan, Ramesh. (2007). "The library-community convergence
framework for community action: Libraries as catalysts of social change," Libri: International
Journal of Libraries and
Information Services v.
55, September: p. 170-188.
Miller,
R. & Bardales, A. (2006). "BetterTogether: The Joint Conference." Library Journal v. 131: 18.
Joint Conference of Librarians of Color as
reported in Library Journal: "At a panel, Kathleen de la Peña McCook
(Univ. of South Florida, Tampa) reflected on a dearth in cross-organization
work. Within ALA, the creation of the various groups-feminist, gay and lesbian,
ethnic, and the Social Responsibilities Round Table-"may have divided us
up too much," she said. Then she argued that librarianship is human rights
work and suggested displays on subjects such as secret detention and rendition,
enforced disappearances, the meaning of habeas corpus, and more. She and others
encouraged the librarians present to, in McCook's words, "commit to more
active involvement in social issues."'
Montgomery,
B. P. (1996). "Archiving Human Rights: A Paradigm for Collection Development,"
Journal of Academic Librarianship v.
22: p. 87-96.
"Occupy
Wall Street Librarians Speak Out".by Daniel Norton, Mandy Henk, Betsy
Fagin, Jaime Taylor and Zachary Loeb, page 3 Progressive Librarian (Links to an
external site.)Issue
no.38-39, Spring 2012.
OHCHR.
(1996-2007). The International Bill of Human Rights. The United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.
Click here for more information.
Parker,
S. (2008). IFLA and Human Rights. IFLA
Journal, 34(3), 227-228.
Pateman,
J., & Vincent, J. (2010). Public
libraries and social justice. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate.
Phenix,
K. J. (2007). "Dignity and Justice for All of Us: The Universal
Declaration of Human Rights, 1948-2008." Progressive Librarian v. 30, Winter: p. 1-2.
Phenix,
K. J., & McCook, K. (2006). A Commitment to Human
Rights - Let’s Honor the Qualities Required of a Librarian Dedicated to Human
Rights. Information for Social Change v. 25,
Summer.
Phenix,
K. J., & McCook, K. (2005). Human Rights and Librarians. Reference and User Services Quarterly v.
45 no. 1: p. 23-26.
Rabina,
D., & Drabinski, E. (2015).
Reference Services to Incarcerated People, Part II. Reference & User Services Quarterly, 55(2), 123-131.
Samek,
T. (2013). Days of Action. Progressive
Librarian, (41), 52-62.
Samek,
T. (2011). Informing Information Ethics.
Journal Of Information Ethics, 20(2),
12-14.
Samek,
T.(2007) Librarianship and Human Rights:
A Twenty-First Century Guide. (Chandos, 2007).
Samek,
T. (2006). "Freedom to Read Week: The Strength of Librarianship in a
Fragile World." Feliciter v. 52
no. 1: p. 18-19.
Samek,
T. (2005). "Ethical Reflection on 21st Century Information Work: An
Address to Teachers and Librarians." Progressive
Librarian v. 25: p. 43-61.
Samek,
T. (2001). Intellectual Freedom and
Social Responsibility in American Librarianship, 1967 -1974. Chicago:
American Library Association.
Samek,
T. (2001). "Library Ethics, Rights, and Values: Provocative Commentary on
the Utility of Library Rhetoric." [Canadian Library Association's Code of
Ethics and the ALA Library Bill of Rights]. PNLA
Quarterly, v. 65 no. 3: 15-17.
Samek,
T. (1996). The Library Bill of Rights in the 1960s: One Profession, One Ethic. Library Trends v. 45: p. 50-60.
Shelton,
J., & Winkelstein, J. (2014). Librarians and Social Workers: Working
Together for Homeless LGBTQ Youth. Young
Adult Library Services, 13(1), 20-24.
Stephan
P. Edwards and Julie Biando Edwards. "Libraries, Cultural Life, and
Community Identity." International Conference on Libraries from a Human Rights
Perspective (Links to an external
site.) ed. Nabil
Alawi (31 March – 2 April 2008), Ramallah Centre for Human Rights Studies:
Ramallah, Palestine. Retrieved June 20, 2009.
Sturges,
P., & Gastinger, A. (2010). Information Literacy as a Human Right. Libri: International Journal Of Libraries
& Information Services, 60(3), 195-202.
Tise,
Ellen R.. "IFLA imperatives: expounding access to information." IFLA Journal 37, no. 2 (June
2011): 158-61.
U.S.
Dept. of State. HUMANRIGHTS.GOV. U.S. Dept. of State. HumanRights.gov is the
official United States Government (USG) website for human rights related
information. The site’s search function links users directly with news, reports
and explanatory information from the State Department, USG agencies and other
resources, allowing for easy access to publicly available documents. We provide
a one-stop site for researching the USG’s involvement in human rights. http://www.humanrights.gov/
Widdersheim,
M. M. (2015). Governance, Legitimation, Commons: A Public Sphere Framework and
Research Agenda for the Public Library Sector. Libri: International Journal Of Libraries & Information Services,
65(4), 237-245.
Ethnic and Multicultural Information Exchange
Round Table (EMIERT)
of the American Library Association.
Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and
Transgendered Round Table (GBLTRT)
of the American Library Association.
The Hunger, Homelessness & Poverty Task Force (HHPTF), a group within the Social
Responsibilities Round Table (SRRT), was formed in 1996 to help promote and
implement Policy 61 (Library Services for Poor People)
and to raise awareness of issues related to poverty.
The
“Library Services to the Homeless” page provides recommended resources relating
to the following four categories:
*Economic,
Legal, and Human Rights Issues
*Local Statistics
*Selected Readings for Librarians
*Social Exclusions and Libraries
*Local Statistics
*Selected Readings for Librarians
*Social Exclusions and Libraries
In addition,
the page links to an archive dating back to March 2005 and offers
a list of entries by topic.
REFORMA: National Association to Promote
Library and Information Services to Latinos and the Spanish Speaking:
Other
Sources:
Union Librarian (blog):
American Civil Liberties
Union
This organization works to preserve and protect the civil rights delineated in the US Constitution.
This organization works to preserve and protect the civil rights delineated in the US Constitution.
Good Search
Good Search is a search engine which donates 50-percent of its revenue to the charities and schools designated by its users.
Good Search is a search engine which donates 50-percent of its revenue to the charities and schools designated by its users.
Human and Constitutional
Rights
Their website is administered by the Columbia University Law School Library. It provides a comprehensive array of links to human rights organizations all over the world.
Their website is administered by the Columbia University Law School Library. It provides a comprehensive array of links to human rights organizations all over the world.
Human Rights Watch
An independent organization dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world.
An independent organization dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world.
New Tactics in Human Rights
from their page: "The New Tactics in Human Rights Project, led by a diverse group of international organizations, advisors and practitioners, promotes tactical innovation and strategic thinking within the international human rights community."
from their page: "The New Tactics in Human Rights Project, led by a diverse group of international organizations, advisors and practitioners, promotes tactical innovation and strategic thinking within the international human rights community."
United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural Organization
UNESCO promotes international cooperation in education, science, culture and communication. The organization is committed to educating about human rights.
UNESCO promotes international cooperation in education, science, culture and communication. The organization is committed to educating about human rights.
United Nations Office of the High Commisssioner
for Human Rights
The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) represents the world's commitment to universal ideals of human dignity. The organization has a unique mandate from the international community to promote and protect all human rights.
The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) represents the world's commitment to universal ideals of human dignity. The organization has a unique mandate from the international community to promote and protect all human rights.
US Human Rights Network
This Network provides ways for organizations and individuals working for human rights and social justice to connect with others working on those issues in the US and in other countries. A central premise of the organization is that the US does not provide many of its own residents with the rights it purports to demand of other countries.
This Network provides ways for organizations and individuals working for human rights and social justice to connect with others working on those issues in the US and in other countries. A central premise of the organization is that the US does not provide many of its own residents with the rights it purports to demand of other countries.
Women's Human Rights-net
An organization dedicated to providing information and analysis on women's human rights around the world.
An organization dedicated to providing information and analysis on women's human rights around the world.
Key Documents, in Chronological Order
Vedas (ca.
2000-1000 B.C.E.)
Mahony,
William K. (1998). The Artful Universe: An
Introduction to the Vedic Religious Imagination. Albany, NY: State
University of New York Press.
Holdrege,
Barbara A. (1995). Veda and Torah:
Transcending the Textuality of Scripture. Albany, NY: State University of
New York Press.
Analects of Confucius (ca.
479 B.C.E.-221 B.C.E.)
Confucius.
(2005). The Analects of Confucius.
Stilwell, KS: Digireads.com.
The Eight
Beatitudes (Appx. AD 30)
from
the Sermon on the Mount by Jesus Christ
The Qur’an (ca.
632)
Haleem,
M.A.S. Abdel. (2004). The Qur’an: A New
Translation by M.A.S. Abdel Haleem. New York: Oxford University Press.
Magna Carta (1215)
Drew,
Katherine Fischer. (2004). Magna Carta.
Westport, CN: Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.
Milton’s Areopagitica (1644)
Milton,
John. (2004). Areopagitica.
Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing, LLC.
Locke’s Letter
Concerning Tolerance and Second Treatise of Civil Government (1690)
Locke,
John. (2004). A Letter Concerning
Toleration. Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing, Inc.
Locke,
John. (2003). The Second Treatise on
Civil Government. Wheeling, IL: Harlan Davidson Incorporated.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s
Social Contract (1761)
Rousseau,
Jean Jacques, et. al. (2006). The Social
Contract. New York: Penguin Group (USA) Incorporated.
Thomas Paine’s The
Rights of Man (1791-92)
Paine,
Thomas. (2006). The Rights of Man.
Teddington, UK: Echo Library.
Library
of Congress. (2006). Declaration of
Independence: Primary Documents of American History (Virtual Programs &
Services, Library of Congress).
Massachusetts
Historical Society. (2006). The
Massachusetts Historical Society | The Adams Family Papers.
Yale
Law School. (2005). The Avalon Project:
Declaration of the Rights of Man – 1789.
U.S. Bill of Rights
(1789)
Library
of Congress.
Mary Wollstonecraft’s A
Vindication of the Rights of Women (1792)
Wollstonecraft,
Mary. (2001). A Vindication of the Rights
of Women. Madison, WI: Turtleback Books.
Kant’s Perpetual Peace
(1797)
Kant,
Immanuel. (1996). Perpetual Peace: A
Philosophic Essay. New York: Continuum International Publishing Group, Ltd.
Robert Owen’s New View
of Society (1817)
Owen,
Robert. (1991). A New View of Society.
Oxford, England: Woodstock Books.
Women's Rights National
Historic Park Website.
Civil Disobedience by
Henry David Thoreau (1849)
Thoreau,
Henry David. (2002). Civil Disobedience.
New York: Book Surge, LLC.
John Stuart Mill, On
Liberty (1859)
Mill,
John Stuart. (2004). On Liberty.
Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing, LLC.
Bryant,
Louise. (1918). “Chapter IX: The Constituent Assembly – Declaration of the
Rights of the Toiling and Exploited People.” Six Months in Red Russia. New York: George H. Doran Company.
International
Labour Organization. (2006). About the ILO: Who we are: ILO Constitution.
International Convention
for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women and Children (1921)
International
Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women and Children. The American Journal of International Law,
18(3), Supplement: Official Documents, 130-137. (1924). [Available through
JSTOR]
Geneva
Declaration of the Rights of the Child (1924) League of Nations
University
of Minnesota. Human Rights Library. (n.d.). Geneva Declaration of the Rights of
the Child of 1924, adopted Sept. 26,
1924, League of Nations O.J. Spec. Supp. 21 at 43 (1924).
Convention to Suppress
the Slave Trade and Slavery (1926)
Yale
Law School. (1998). The Avalon Project:
Convention to Suppress the Slave Trade and Slavery September 25, 1926.
Franklin
D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum. (n.d.). Annual Message to
Congress, January 6, 1941, The “Four Freedoms” Speech.
Adopted
and proclaimed by the United Nations on December 10, 1948.
Keown,
D. Journal of Buddhist Ethics v. 2.
Shiotsu, T.
The
American Library Association promotes equal access to information for all
persons, and recognizes the urgent need to respond to the increasing number of
poor children, adults, and families in America. These people are affected by a
combination of limitations, including illiteracy, illness, social isolation,
homelessness, hunger, and discrimination, which hamper the effectiveness of
traditional library services. Therefore it is crucial that libraries recognize
their role in enabling poor people to participate fully in a democratic society,
by utilizing a wide variety of available resources and strategies. Concrete
programs of training and development are needed to sensitize and prepare
library staff to identify poor people's needs and deliver relevant services.
And within the American Library Association the coordinating mechanisms of
programs and activities dealing with poor people in various divisions, offices,
and units should be strengthened, and support for low-income liaison activities
should be enhanced.
61.1 Policy Objectives
The
American Library Association shall implement these objectives by:
1. Promoting the removal of all barriers
to library and information services, particularly fees and overdue charges.
2. Promoting the publication, production,
purchase, and ready accessibility of print and nonprint materials that honestly
address the issues of poverty and homelessness, that deal with poor people in a
respectful way, and that are of practical use to low-income patrons.
3. Promoting full, stable, and ongoing
funding for existing legislative programs in support of low-income services and
for pro-active library programs that reach beyond traditional service-sites to
poor children, adults, and families.
4. Promoting training opportunities for
librarians, in order to teach effective techniques for generating public
funding to upgrade library services to poor people.
5. Promoting the incorporation of
low-income programs and services into regular library budgets in all types of
libraries, rather than the tendency to support these projects solely with
"soft money" like private or federal grants.
6. Promoting equity in funding adequate
library services for poor people in terms of materials, facilities, and
equipment.
7. Promoting supplemental support for
library resources for and about low-income populations by urging local, state,
and federal governments, and the private sector, to provide adequate funding.
8. Promoting increased public
awareness--through programs, displays, bibliographies, and publicity--of the
importance of poverty-related library resources and services in all segments of
society.
9. Promoting the determination of output
measures through the encouragement of community needs assessments, giving
special emphasis to assessing the needs of low-income people and involving both
anti-poverty advocates and poor people themselves in such assessments.
10.Promoting direct representation of
poor people and anti-poverty advocates through appointment to local boards and
creation of local advisory committees on service to low-income people, such
appointments to include library-paid transportation and stipends.
11.Promoting training to sensitize
library staff to issues affecting poor people and to attitudinal and other
barriers that hinder poor people's use of libraries.
12.Promoting networking and cooperation
between libraries and other agencies, organizations, and advocacy groups in
order to develop programs and services that effectively reach poor people.
13.Promoting the implementation of an
expanded federal low-income housing program, national health insurance,
full-employment policy, living minimum wage and welfare payments, affordable
day care, and programs likely to reduce, if not eliminate, poverty itself.
14.Promoting among library staff the
collection of food and clothing donations, volunteering personal time to
anti-poverty activities and contributing money to direct-aid organizations.
15.Promoting related efforts concerning
minorities and women, since these groups are disproportionately represented
among poor people.
ALA Task Force Member Survey on Policy
61 The Hunger, Homelessness & Poverty Task Force, in partnership with the
OLOS Subcommittee on Library Services to Poor and Homeless People, reported the
findings from the ALA Task Force Member Survey on Policy 61 at the June 2008
ALA Conference. Click here for more information.
